3.6.11 \(\int \frac {1}{(a+b \sec (c+d x))^3} \, dx\) [511]

Optimal. Leaf size=173 \[ \frac {x}{a^3}-\frac {b \left (6 a^4-5 a^2 b^2+2 b^4\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-b} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )}{a^3 (a-b)^{5/2} (a+b)^{5/2} d}+\frac {b^2 \tan (c+d x)}{2 a \left (a^2-b^2\right ) d (a+b \sec (c+d x))^2}+\frac {b^2 \left (5 a^2-2 b^2\right ) \tan (c+d x)}{2 a^2 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 d (a+b \sec (c+d x))} \]

[Out]

x/a^3-b*(6*a^4-5*a^2*b^2+2*b^4)*arctanh((a-b)^(1/2)*tan(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)/(a+b)^(1/2))/a^3/(a-b)^(5/2)/(a+b)^(5/2
)/d+1/2*b^2*tan(d*x+c)/a/(a^2-b^2)/d/(a+b*sec(d*x+c))^2+1/2*b^2*(5*a^2-2*b^2)*tan(d*x+c)/a^2/(a^2-b^2)^2/d/(a+
b*sec(d*x+c))

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Rubi [A]
time = 0.23, antiderivative size = 173, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 6, integrand size = 12, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.500, Rules used = {3870, 4145, 4004, 3916, 2738, 214} \begin {gather*} \frac {x}{a^3}+\frac {b^2 \left (5 a^2-2 b^2\right ) \tan (c+d x)}{2 a^2 d \left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 (a+b \sec (c+d x))}+\frac {b^2 \tan (c+d x)}{2 a d \left (a^2-b^2\right ) (a+b \sec (c+d x))^2}-\frac {b \left (6 a^4-5 a^2 b^2+2 b^4\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-b} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )}{a^3 d (a-b)^{5/2} (a+b)^{5/2}} \end {gather*}

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[(a + b*Sec[c + d*x])^(-3),x]

[Out]

x/a^3 - (b*(6*a^4 - 5*a^2*b^2 + 2*b^4)*ArcTanh[(Sqrt[a - b]*Tan[(c + d*x)/2])/Sqrt[a + b]])/(a^3*(a - b)^(5/2)
*(a + b)^(5/2)*d) + (b^2*Tan[c + d*x])/(2*a*(a^2 - b^2)*d*(a + b*Sec[c + d*x])^2) + (b^2*(5*a^2 - 2*b^2)*Tan[c
+ d*x])/(2*a^2*(a^2 - b^2)^2*d*(a + b*Sec[c + d*x]))

Rule 214

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Rt[-a/b, 2]/a)*ArcTanh[x/Rt[-a/b, 2]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b},
x] && NegQ[a/b]

Rule 2738

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*sin[Pi/2 + (c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)])^(-1), x_Symbol] :> With[{e = FreeFactors[Tan[(c + d*x)/2], x
]}, Dist[2*(e/d), Subst[Int[1/(a + b + (a - b)*e^2*x^2), x], x, Tan[(c + d*x)/2]/e], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}
, x] && NeQ[a^2 - b^2, 0]

Rule 3870

Int[(csc[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)]*(b_.) + (a_))^(n_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[b^2*Cot[c + d*x]*((a + b*Csc[c + d*x])^(n +
1)/(a*d*(n + 1)*(a^2 - b^2))), x] + Dist[1/(a*(n + 1)*(a^2 - b^2)), Int[(a + b*Csc[c + d*x])^(n + 1)*Simp[(a^
2 - b^2)*(n + 1) - a*b*(n + 1)*Csc[c + d*x] + b^2*(n + 2)*Csc[c + d*x]^2, x], x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x]
&& NeQ[a^2 - b^2, 0] && LtQ[n, -1] && IntegerQ[2*n]

Rule 3916

Int[csc[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]/(csc[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]*(b_.) + (a_)), x_Symbol] :> Dist[1/b, Int[1/(1 + (a/b)*Si
n[e + f*x]), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, e, f}, x] && NeQ[a^2 - b^2, 0]

Rule 4004

Int[(csc[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]*(d_.) + (c_))/(csc[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]*(b_.) + (a_)), x_Symbol] :> Simp[c*(x/a),
x] - Dist[(b*c - a*d)/a, Int[Csc[e + f*x]/(a + b*Csc[e + f*x]), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f}, x] && NeQ[
b*c - a*d, 0]

Rule 4145

Int[((A_.) + csc[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]*(B_.) + csc[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]^2*(C_.))*(csc[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]*(b_.) +
(a_))^(m_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(A*b^2 - a*b*B + a^2*C)*Cot[e + f*x]*((a + b*Csc[e + f*x])^(m + 1)/(a*f*(m + 1)
*(a^2 - b^2))), x] + Dist[1/(a*(m + 1)*(a^2 - b^2)), Int[(a + b*Csc[e + f*x])^(m + 1)*Simp[A*(a^2 - b^2)*(m +
1) - a*(A*b - a*B + b*C)*(m + 1)*Csc[e + f*x] + (A*b^2 - a*b*B + a^2*C)*(m + 2)*Csc[e + f*x]^2, x], x], x] /;
FreeQ[{a, b, e, f, A, B, C}, x] && NeQ[a^2 - b^2, 0] && LtQ[m, -1]

Rubi steps

\begin {align*} \int \frac {1}{(a+b \sec (c+d x))^3} \, dx &=\frac {b^2 \tan (c+d x)}{2 a \left (a^2-b^2\right ) d (a+b \sec (c+d x))^2}-\frac {\int \frac {-2 \left (a^2-b^2\right )+2 a b \sec (c+d x)-b^2 \sec ^2(c+d x)}{(a+b \sec (c+d x))^2} \, dx}{2 a \left (a^2-b^2\right )}\\ &=\frac {b^2 \tan (c+d x)}{2 a \left (a^2-b^2\right ) d (a+b \sec (c+d x))^2}+\frac {b^2 \left (5 a^2-2 b^2\right ) \tan (c+d x)}{2 a^2 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 d (a+b \sec (c+d x))}+\frac {\int \frac {2 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^2-a b \left (4 a^2-b^2\right ) \sec (c+d x)}{a+b \sec (c+d x)} \, dx}{2 a^2 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^2}\\ &=\frac {x}{a^3}+\frac {b^2 \tan (c+d x)}{2 a \left (a^2-b^2\right ) d (a+b \sec (c+d x))^2}+\frac {b^2 \left (5 a^2-2 b^2\right ) \tan (c+d x)}{2 a^2 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 d (a+b \sec (c+d x))}-\frac {\left (b \left (6 a^4-5 a^2 b^2+2 b^4\right )\right ) \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{a+b \sec (c+d x)} \, dx}{2 a^3 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^2}\\ &=\frac {x}{a^3}+\frac {b^2 \tan (c+d x)}{2 a \left (a^2-b^2\right ) d (a+b \sec (c+d x))^2}+\frac {b^2 \left (5 a^2-2 b^2\right ) \tan (c+d x)}{2 a^2 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 d (a+b \sec (c+d x))}-\frac {\left (6 a^4-5 a^2 b^2+2 b^4\right ) \int \frac {1}{1+\frac {a \cos (c+d x)}{b}} \, dx}{2 a^3 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^2}\\ &=\frac {x}{a^3}+\frac {b^2 \tan (c+d x)}{2 a \left (a^2-b^2\right ) d (a+b \sec (c+d x))^2}+\frac {b^2 \left (5 a^2-2 b^2\right ) \tan (c+d x)}{2 a^2 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 d (a+b \sec (c+d x))}-\frac {\left (6 a^4-5 a^2 b^2+2 b^4\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1+\frac {a}{b}+\left (1-\frac {a}{b}\right ) x^2} \, dx,x,\tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{a^3 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 d}\\ &=\frac {x}{a^3}-\frac {b \left (6 a^4-5 a^2 b^2+2 b^4\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-b} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )}{a^3 (a-b)^{5/2} (a+b)^{5/2} d}+\frac {b^2 \tan (c+d x)}{2 a \left (a^2-b^2\right ) d (a+b \sec (c+d x))^2}+\frac {b^2 \left (5 a^2-2 b^2\right ) \tan (c+d x)}{2 a^2 \left (a^2-b^2\right )^2 d (a+b \sec (c+d x))}\\ \end {align*}

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Mathematica [A]
time = 0.81, size = 205, normalized size = 1.18 \begin {gather*} \frac {(b+a \cos (c+d x)) \sec ^3(c+d x) \left (2 (c+d x) (b+a \cos (c+d x))^2+\frac {2 b \left (6 a^4-5 a^2 b^2+2 b^4\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {(-a+b) \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right ) (b+a \cos (c+d x))^2}{\left (a^2-b^2\right )^{5/2}}+\frac {a b^3 \sin (c+d x)}{(-a+b) (a+b)}+\frac {3 a b^2 \left (2 a^2-b^2\right ) (b+a \cos (c+d x)) \sin (c+d x)}{(a-b)^2 (a+b)^2}\right )}{2 a^3 d (a+b \sec (c+d x))^3} \end {gather*}

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Integrate[(a + b*Sec[c + d*x])^(-3),x]

[Out]

((b + a*Cos[c + d*x])*Sec[c + d*x]^3*(2*(c + d*x)*(b + a*Cos[c + d*x])^2 + (2*b*(6*a^4 - 5*a^2*b^2 + 2*b^4)*Ar
cTanh[((-a + b)*Tan[(c + d*x)/2])/Sqrt[a^2 - b^2]]*(b + a*Cos[c + d*x])^2)/(a^2 - b^2)^(5/2) + (a*b^3*Sin[c +
d*x])/((-a + b)*(a + b)) + (3*a*b^2*(2*a^2 - b^2)*(b + a*Cos[c + d*x])*Sin[c + d*x])/((a - b)^2*(a + b)^2)))/(
2*a^3*d*(a + b*Sec[c + d*x])^3)

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Maple [A]
time = 0.18, size = 237, normalized size = 1.37

method	result	size
derivativedivides	\(\frac {\frac {2 \arctan \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{a^{3}}+\frac {2 b \left (\frac {-\frac {\left (6 a^{2}+b a -2 b^{2}\right ) b a \left (\tan ^{3}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{2 \left (a -b \right ) \left (a^{2}+2 b a +b^{2}\right )}+\frac {\left (6 a^{2}-b a -2 b^{2}\right ) b a \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}{2 \left (a +b \right ) \left (a^{2}-2 b a +b^{2}\right )}}{\left (a \left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )-b \left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )-a -b \right )^{2}}-\frac {\left (6 a^{4}-5 b^{2} a^{2}+2 b^{4}\right ) \arctanh \left (\frac {\left (a -b \right ) \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {\left (a +b \right ) \left (a -b \right )}}\right )}{2 \left (a^{4}-2 b^{2} a^{2}+b^{4}\right ) \sqrt {\left (a +b \right ) \left (a -b \right )}}\right )}{a^{3}}}{d}\)	\(237\)
default	\(\frac {\frac {2 \arctan \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{a^{3}}+\frac {2 b \left (\frac {-\frac {\left (6 a^{2}+b a -2 b^{2}\right ) b a \left (\tan ^{3}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )}{2 \left (a -b \right ) \left (a^{2}+2 b a +b^{2}\right )}+\frac {\left (6 a^{2}-b a -2 b^{2}\right ) b a \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}{2 \left (a +b \right ) \left (a^{2}-2 b a +b^{2}\right )}}{\left (a \left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )-b \left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )\right )-a -b \right )^{2}}-\frac {\left (6 a^{4}-5 b^{2} a^{2}+2 b^{4}\right ) \arctanh \left (\frac {\left (a -b \right ) \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {\left (a +b \right ) \left (a -b \right )}}\right )}{2 \left (a^{4}-2 b^{2} a^{2}+b^{4}\right ) \sqrt {\left (a +b \right ) \left (a -b \right )}}\right )}{a^{3}}}{d}\)	\(237\)
risch	\(\frac {x}{a^{3}}-\frac {i b^{2} \left (-7 b \,a^{3} {\mathrm e}^{3 i \left (d x +c \right )}+4 a \,b^{3} {\mathrm e}^{3 i \left (d x +c \right )}-6 a^{4} {\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (d x +c \right )}-9 a^{2} b^{2} {\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (d x +c \right )}+6 b^{4} {\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (d x +c \right )}-17 a^{3} b \,{\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+8 b^{3} a \,{\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}-6 a^{4}+3 b^{2} a^{2}\right )}{a^{3} \left (-a^{2}+b^{2}\right )^{2} d \left (a \,{\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (d x +c \right )}+2 b \,{\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+a \right )^{2}}+\frac {3 a b \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+\frac {-i a^{2}+i b^{2}+b \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}{a \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}\, \left (a +b \right )^{2} \left (a -b \right )^{2} d}-\frac {5 b^{3} \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+\frac {-i a^{2}+i b^{2}+b \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}{a \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}\, \left (a +b \right )^{2} \left (a -b \right )^{2} d a}+\frac {b^{5} \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+\frac {-i a^{2}+i b^{2}+b \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}{a \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}\, \left (a +b \right )^{2} \left (a -b \right )^{2} d \,a^{3}}-\frac {3 a b \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+\frac {i a^{2}-i b^{2}+b \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}{a \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}\, \left (a +b \right )^{2} \left (a -b \right )^{2} d}+\frac {5 b^{3} \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+\frac {i a^{2}-i b^{2}+b \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}{a \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}\, \left (a +b \right )^{2} \left (a -b \right )^{2} d a}-\frac {b^{5} \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+\frac {i a^{2}-i b^{2}+b \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}{a \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}\, \left (a +b \right )^{2} \left (a -b \right )^{2} d \,a^{3}}\)	\(683\)

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(1/(a+b*sec(d*x+c))^3,x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)

[Out]

1/d*(2/a^3*arctan(tan(1/2*d*x+1/2*c))+2*b/a^3*((-1/2*(6*a^2+a*b-2*b^2)*b*a/(a-b)/(a^2+2*a*b+b^2)*tan(1/2*d*x+1
/2*c)^3+1/2*(6*a^2-a*b-2*b^2)*b*a/(a+b)/(a^2-2*a*b+b^2)*tan(1/2*d*x+1/2*c))/(a*tan(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2-b*tan(1/2*
d*x+1/2*c)^2-a-b)^2-1/2*(6*a^4-5*a^2*b^2+2*b^4)/(a^4-2*a^2*b^2+b^4)/((a+b)*(a-b))^(1/2)*arctanh((a-b)*tan(1/2*
d*x+1/2*c)/((a+b)*(a-b))^(1/2))))

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Maxima [F(-2)]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Exception raised: ValueError} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/(a+b*sec(d*x+c))^3,x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

Exception raised: ValueError >> Computation failed since Maxima requested additional constraints; using the 'a
ssume' command before evaluation *may* help (example of legal syntax is 'assume(4*a^2-4*b^2>0)', see `assume?`
for more de

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Fricas [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 431 vs. \(2 (160) = 320\).
time = 3.16, size = 919, normalized size = 5.31 \begin {gather*} \left [\frac {4 \, {\left (a^{8} - 3 \, a^{6} b^{2} + 3 \, a^{4} b^{4} - a^{2} b^{6}\right )} d x \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 8 \, {\left (a^{7} b - 3 \, a^{5} b^{3} + 3 \, a^{3} b^{5} - a b^{7}\right )} d x \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 4 \, {\left (a^{6} b^{2} - 3 \, a^{4} b^{4} + 3 \, a^{2} b^{6} - b^{8}\right )} d x + {\left (6 \, a^{4} b^{3} - 5 \, a^{2} b^{5} + 2 \, b^{7} + {\left (6 \, a^{6} b - 5 \, a^{4} b^{3} + 2 \, a^{2} b^{5}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 2 \, {\left (6 \, a^{5} b^{2} - 5 \, a^{3} b^{4} + 2 \, a b^{6}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )\right )} \sqrt {a^{2} - b^{2}} \log \left (\frac {2 \, a b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) - {\left (a^{2} - 2 \, b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 2 \, \sqrt {a^{2} - b^{2}} {\left (b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 2 \, a^{2} - b^{2}}{a^{2} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 2 \, a b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + b^{2}}\right ) + 2 \, {\left (5 \, a^{5} b^{3} - 7 \, a^{3} b^{5} + 2 \, a b^{7} + 3 \, {\left (2 \, a^{6} b^{2} - 3 \, a^{4} b^{4} + a^{2} b^{6}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{4 \, {\left ({\left (a^{11} - 3 \, a^{9} b^{2} + 3 \, a^{7} b^{4} - a^{5} b^{6}\right )} d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 2 \, {\left (a^{10} b - 3 \, a^{8} b^{3} + 3 \, a^{6} b^{5} - a^{4} b^{7}\right )} d \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + {\left (a^{9} b^{2} - 3 \, a^{7} b^{4} + 3 \, a^{5} b^{6} - a^{3} b^{8}\right )} d\right )}}, \frac {2 \, {\left (a^{8} - 3 \, a^{6} b^{2} + 3 \, a^{4} b^{4} - a^{2} b^{6}\right )} d x \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 4 \, {\left (a^{7} b - 3 \, a^{5} b^{3} + 3 \, a^{3} b^{5} - a b^{7}\right )} d x \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 2 \, {\left (a^{6} b^{2} - 3 \, a^{4} b^{4} + 3 \, a^{2} b^{6} - b^{8}\right )} d x - {\left (6 \, a^{4} b^{3} - 5 \, a^{2} b^{5} + 2 \, b^{7} + {\left (6 \, a^{6} b - 5 \, a^{4} b^{3} + 2 \, a^{2} b^{5}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 2 \, {\left (6 \, a^{5} b^{2} - 5 \, a^{3} b^{4} + 2 \, a b^{6}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )\right )} \sqrt {-a^{2} + b^{2}} \arctan \left (-\frac {\sqrt {-a^{2} + b^{2}} {\left (b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a\right )}}{{\left (a^{2} - b^{2}\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}\right ) + {\left (5 \, a^{5} b^{3} - 7 \, a^{3} b^{5} + 2 \, a b^{7} + 3 \, {\left (2 \, a^{6} b^{2} - 3 \, a^{4} b^{4} + a^{2} b^{6}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{2 \, {\left ({\left (a^{11} - 3 \, a^{9} b^{2} + 3 \, a^{7} b^{4} - a^{5} b^{6}\right )} d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 2 \, {\left (a^{10} b - 3 \, a^{8} b^{3} + 3 \, a^{6} b^{5} - a^{4} b^{7}\right )} d \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + {\left (a^{9} b^{2} - 3 \, a^{7} b^{4} + 3 \, a^{5} b^{6} - a^{3} b^{8}\right )} d\right )}}\right ] \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/(a+b*sec(d*x+c))^3,x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

[1/4*(4*(a^8 - 3*a^6*b^2 + 3*a^4*b^4 - a^2*b^6)*d*x*cos(d*x + c)^2 + 8*(a^7*b - 3*a^5*b^3 + 3*a^3*b^5 - a*b^7)
*d*x*cos(d*x + c) + 4*(a^6*b^2 - 3*a^4*b^4 + 3*a^2*b^6 - b^8)*d*x + (6*a^4*b^3 - 5*a^2*b^5 + 2*b^7 + (6*a^6*b
- 5*a^4*b^3 + 2*a^2*b^5)*cos(d*x + c)^2 + 2*(6*a^5*b^2 - 5*a^3*b^4 + 2*a*b^6)*cos(d*x + c))*sqrt(a^2 - b^2)*lo
g((2*a*b*cos(d*x + c) - (a^2 - 2*b^2)*cos(d*x + c)^2 - 2*sqrt(a^2 - b^2)*(b*cos(d*x + c) + a)*sin(d*x + c) + 2
*a^2 - b^2)/(a^2*cos(d*x + c)^2 + 2*a*b*cos(d*x + c) + b^2)) + 2*(5*a^5*b^3 - 7*a^3*b^5 + 2*a*b^7 + 3*(2*a^6*b
^2 - 3*a^4*b^4 + a^2*b^6)*cos(d*x + c))*sin(d*x + c))/((a^11 - 3*a^9*b^2 + 3*a^7*b^4 - a^5*b^6)*d*cos(d*x + c)
^2 + 2*(a^10*b - 3*a^8*b^3 + 3*a^6*b^5 - a^4*b^7)*d*cos(d*x + c) + (a^9*b^2 - 3*a^7*b^4 + 3*a^5*b^6 - a^3*b^8)
*d), 1/2*(2*(a^8 - 3*a^6*b^2 + 3*a^4*b^4 - a^2*b^6)*d*x*cos(d*x + c)^2 + 4*(a^7*b - 3*a^5*b^3 + 3*a^3*b^5 - a*
b^7)*d*x*cos(d*x + c) + 2*(a^6*b^2 - 3*a^4*b^4 + 3*a^2*b^6 - b^8)*d*x - (6*a^4*b^3 - 5*a^2*b^5 + 2*b^7 + (6*a^
6*b - 5*a^4*b^3 + 2*a^2*b^5)*cos(d*x + c)^2 + 2*(6*a^5*b^2 - 5*a^3*b^4 + 2*a*b^6)*cos(d*x + c))*sqrt(-a^2 + b^
2)*arctan(-sqrt(-a^2 + b^2)*(b*cos(d*x + c) + a)/((a^2 - b^2)*sin(d*x + c))) + (5*a^5*b^3 - 7*a^3*b^5 + 2*a*b^
7 + 3*(2*a^6*b^2 - 3*a^4*b^4 + a^2*b^6)*cos(d*x + c))*sin(d*x + c))/((a^11 - 3*a^9*b^2 + 3*a^7*b^4 - a^5*b^6)*
d*cos(d*x + c)^2 + 2*(a^10*b - 3*a^8*b^3 + 3*a^6*b^5 - a^4*b^7)*d*cos(d*x + c) + (a^9*b^2 - 3*a^7*b^4 + 3*a^5*
b^6 - a^3*b^8)*d)]

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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {1}{\left (a + b \sec {\left (c + d x \right )}\right )^{3}}\, dx \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/(a+b*sec(d*x+c))**3,x)

[Out]

Integral((a + b*sec(c + d*x))**(-3), x)

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Giac [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 322 vs. \(2 (160) = 320\).
time = 0.47, size = 322, normalized size = 1.86 \begin {gather*} \frac {\frac {{\left (6 \, a^{4} b - 5 \, a^{2} b^{3} + 2 \, b^{5}\right )} {\left (\pi \left \lfloor \frac {d x + c}{2 \, \pi } + \frac {1}{2} \right \rfloor \mathrm {sgn}\left (2 \, a - 2 \, b\right ) + \arctan \left (\frac {a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )}{\sqrt {-a^{2} + b^{2}}}\right )\right )}}{{\left (a^{7} - 2 \, a^{5} b^{2} + a^{3} b^{4}\right )} \sqrt {-a^{2} + b^{2}}} - \frac {6 \, a^{3} b^{2} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} - 5 \, a^{2} b^{3} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} - 3 \, a b^{4} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} + 2 \, b^{5} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{3} - 6 \, a^{3} b^{2} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - 5 \, a^{2} b^{3} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) + 3 \, a b^{4} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) + 2 \, b^{5} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )}{{\left (a^{6} - 2 \, a^{4} b^{2} + a^{2} b^{4}\right )} {\left (a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} - b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} - a - b\right )}^{2}} + \frac {d x + c}{a^{3}}}{d} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/(a+b*sec(d*x+c))^3,x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

((6*a^4*b - 5*a^2*b^3 + 2*b^5)*(pi*floor(1/2*(d*x + c)/pi + 1/2)*sgn(2*a - 2*b) + arctan((a*tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*
c) - b*tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c))/sqrt(-a^2 + b^2)))/((a^7 - 2*a^5*b^2 + a^3*b^4)*sqrt(-a^2 + b^2)) - (6*a^3*b^2*ta
n(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c)^3 - 5*a^2*b^3*tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c)^3 - 3*a*b^4*tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c)^3 + 2*b^5*tan(1/2*d*x +
1/2*c)^3 - 6*a^3*b^2*tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c) - 5*a^2*b^3*tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c) + 3*a*b^4*tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c) + 2
*b^5*tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c))/((a^6 - 2*a^4*b^2 + a^2*b^4)*(a*tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c)^2 - b*tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c)^2 -
a - b)^2) + (d*x + c)/a^3)/d

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Mupad [B]
time = 9.22, size = 2500, normalized size = 14.45 \begin {gather*} \text {Too large to display} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(1/(a + b/cos(c + d*x))^3,x)

[Out]

(2*atan((((((8*(12*a^14*b - 4*a^15 + 4*a^6*b^9 - 2*a^7*b^8 - 18*a^8*b^7 + 4*a^9*b^6 + 36*a^10*b^5 - 6*a^11*b^4
- 34*a^12*b^3 + 8*a^13*b^2))/(a^12*b + a^13 - a^6*b^7 - a^7*b^6 + 3*a^8*b^5 + 3*a^9*b^4 - 3*a^10*b^3 - 3*a^11
*b^2) - (tan(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*(8*a^15*b - 8*a^6*b^10 + 8*a^7*b^9 + 32*a^8*b^8 - 32*a^9*b^7 - 48*a^10*b^6 + 48*a^
11*b^5 + 32*a^12*b^4 - 32*a^13*b^3 - 8*a^14*b^2)*8i)/(a^3*(a^10*b + a^11 - a^4*b^7 - a^5*b^6 + 3*a^6*b^5 + 3*a
^7*b^4 - 3*a^8*b^3 - 3*a^9*b^2)))*1i)/a^3 + (8*tan(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*(4*a^10 - 8*a^9*b - 8*a*b^9 + 8*b^10 - 32*a^
2*b^8 + 32*a^3*b^7 + 57*a^4*b^6 - 48*a^5*b^5 - 52*a^6*b^4 + 32*a^7*b^3 + 24*a^8*b^2))/(a^10*b + a^11 - a^4*b^7
- a^5*b^6 + 3*a^6*b^5 + 3*a^7*b^4 - 3*a^8*b^3 - 3*a^9*b^2))/a^3 - ((((8*(12*a^14*b - 4*a^15 + 4*a^6*b^9 - 2*a
^7*b^8 - 18*a^8*b^7 + 4*a^9*b^6 + 36*a^10*b^5 - 6*a^11*b^4 - 34*a^12*b^3 + 8*a^13*b^2))/(a^12*b + a^13 - a^6*b
^7 - a^7*b^6 + 3*a^8*b^5 + 3*a^9*b^4 - 3*a^10*b^3 - 3*a^11*b^2) + (tan(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*(8*a^15*b - 8*a^6*b^10 +
8*a^7*b^9 + 32*a^8*b^8 - 32*a^9*b^7 - 48*a^10*b^6 + 48*a^11*b^5 + 32*a^12*b^4 - 32*a^13*b^3 - 8*a^14*b^2)*8i)
/(a^3*(a^10*b + a^11 - a^4*b^7 - a^5*b^6 + 3*a^6*b^5 + 3*a^7*b^4 - 3*a^8*b^3 - 3*a^9*b^2)))*1i)/a^3 - (8*tan(c
/2 + (d*x)/2)*(4*a^10 - 8*a^9*b - 8*a*b^9 + 8*b^10 - 32*a^2*b^8 + 32*a^3*b^7 + 57*a^4*b^6 - 48*a^5*b^5 - 52*a^
6*b^4 + 32*a^7*b^3 + 24*a^8*b^2))/(a^10*b + a^11 - a^4*b^7 - a^5*b^6 + 3*a^6*b^5 + 3*a^7*b^4 - 3*a^8*b^3 - 3*a
^9*b^2))/a^3)/((((((8*(12*a^14*b - 4*a^15 + 4*a^6*b^9 - 2*a^7*b^8 - 18*a^8*b^7 + 4*a^9*b^6 + 36*a^10*b^5 - 6*a
^11*b^4 - 34*a^12*b^3 + 8*a^13*b^2))/(a^12*b + a^13 - a^6*b^7 - a^7*b^6 + 3*a^8*b^5 + 3*a^9*b^4 - 3*a^10*b^3 -
3*a^11*b^2) - (tan(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*(8*a^15*b - 8*a^6*b^10 + 8*a^7*b^9 + 32*a^8*b^8 - 32*a^9*b^7 - 48*a^10*b^6
+ 48*a^11*b^5 + 32*a^12*b^4 - 32*a^13*b^3 - 8*a^14*b^2)*8i)/(a^3*(a^10*b + a^11 - a^4*b^7 - a^5*b^6 + 3*a^6*b^
5 + 3*a^7*b^4 - 3*a^8*b^3 - 3*a^9*b^2)))*1i)/a^3 + (8*tan(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*(4*a^10 - 8*a^9*b - 8*a*b^9 + 8*b^10
- 32*a^2*b^8 + 32*a^3*b^7 + 57*a^4*b^6 - 48*a^5*b^5 - 52*a^6*b^4 + 32*a^7*b^3 + 24*a^8*b^2))/(a^10*b + a^11 -
a^4*b^7 - a^5*b^6 + 3*a^6*b^5 + 3*a^7*b^4 - 3*a^8*b^3 - 3*a^9*b^2))*1i)/a^3 + (((((8*(12*a^14*b - 4*a^15 + 4*a
^6*b^9 - 2*a^7*b^8 - 18*a^8*b^7 + 4*a^9*b^6 + 36*a^10*b^5 - 6*a^11*b^4 - 34*a^12*b^3 + 8*a^13*b^2))/(a^12*b +
a^13 - a^6*b^7 - a^7*b^6 + 3*a^8*b^5 + 3*a^9*b^4 - 3*a^10*b^3 - 3*a^11*b^2) + (tan(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*(8*a^15*b -
8*a^6*b^10 + 8*a^7*b^9 + 32*a^8*b^8 - 32*a^9*b^7 - 48*a^10*b^6 + 48*a^11*b^5 + 32*a^12*b^4 - 32*a^13*b^3 - 8*a
^14*b^2)*8i)/(a^3*(a^10*b + a^11 - a^4*b^7 - a^5*b^6 + 3*a^6*b^5 + 3*a^7*b^4 - 3*a^8*b^3 - 3*a^9*b^2)))*1i)/a^
3 - (8*tan(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*(4*a^10 - 8*a^9*b - 8*a*b^9 + 8*b^10 - 32*a^2*b^8 + 32*a^3*b^7 + 57*a^4*b^6 - 48*a^5
*b^5 - 52*a^6*b^4 + 32*a^7*b^3 + 24*a^8*b^2))/(a^10*b + a^11 - a^4*b^7 - a^5*b^6 + 3*a^6*b^5 + 3*a^7*b^4 - 3*a
^8*b^3 - 3*a^9*b^2))*1i)/a^3 + (16*(12*a^8*b - 2*a*b^8 + 4*b^9 - 18*a^2*b^7 + 13*a^3*b^6 + 36*a^4*b^5 - 26*a^5
*b^4 - 34*a^6*b^3 + 24*a^7*b^2))/(a^12*b + a^13 - a^6*b^7 - a^7*b^6 + 3*a^8*b^5 + 3*a^9*b^4 - 3*a^10*b^3 - 3*a
^11*b^2))))/(a^3*d) + ((tan(c/2 + (d*x)/2)^3*(a*b^3 - 2*b^4 + 6*a^2*b^2))/((a^2*b - a^3)*(a + b)^2) - (tan(c/2
+ (d*x)/2)*(a*b^3 + 2*b^4 - 6*a^2*b^2))/((a + b)*(a^4 - 2*a^3*b + a^2*b^2)))/(d*(2*a*b - tan(c/2 + (d*x)/2)^2
*(2*a^2 - 2*b^2) + tan(c/2 + (d*x)/2)^4*(a^2 - 2*a*b + b^2) + a^2 + b^2)) + (b*atan(((b*((8*tan(c/2 + (d*x)/2)
*(4*a^10 - 8*a^9*b - 8*a*b^9 + 8*b^10 - 32*a^2*b^8 + 32*a^3*b^7 + 57*a^4*b^6 - 48*a^5*b^5 - 52*a^6*b^4 + 32*a^
7*b^3 + 24*a^8*b^2))/(a^10*b + a^11 - a^4*b^7 - a^5*b^6 + 3*a^6*b^5 + 3*a^7*b^4 - 3*a^8*b^3 - 3*a^9*b^2) + (b*
((8*(12*a^14*b - 4*a^15 + 4*a^6*b^9 - 2*a^7*b^8 - 18*a^8*b^7 + 4*a^9*b^6 + 36*a^10*b^5 - 6*a^11*b^4 - 34*a^12*
b^3 + 8*a^13*b^2))/(a^12*b + a^13 - a^6*b^7 - a^7*b^6 + 3*a^8*b^5 + 3*a^9*b^4 - 3*a^10*b^3 - 3*a^11*b^2) - (4*
b*tan(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*((a + b)^5*(a - b)^5)^(1/2)*(6*a^4 + 2*b^4 - 5*a^2*b^2)*(8*a^15*b - 8*a^6*b^10 + 8*a^7*b^
9 + 32*a^8*b^8 - 32*a^9*b^7 - 48*a^10*b^6 + 48*a^11*b^5 + 32*a^12*b^4 - 32*a^13*b^3 - 8*a^14*b^2))/((a^13 - a^
3*b^10 + 5*a^5*b^8 - 10*a^7*b^6 + 10*a^9*b^4 - 5*a^11*b^2)*(a^10*b + a^11 - a^4*b^7 - a^5*b^6 + 3*a^6*b^5 + 3*
a^7*b^4 - 3*a^8*b^3 - 3*a^9*b^2)))*((a + b)^5*(a - b)^5)^(1/2)*(6*a^4 + 2*b^4 - 5*a^2*b^2))/(2*(a^13 - a^3*b^1
0 + 5*a^5*b^8 - 10*a^7*b^6 + 10*a^9*b^4 - 5*a^11*b^2)))*((a + b)^5*(a - b)^5)^(1/2)*(6*a^4 + 2*b^4 - 5*a^2*b^2
)*1i)/(2*(a^13 - a^3*b^10 + 5*a^5*b^8 - 10*a^7*b^6 + 10*a^9*b^4 - 5*a^11*b^2)) + (b*((8*tan(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*(4*
a^10 - 8*a^9*b - 8*a*b^9 + 8*b^10 - 32*a^2*b^8 + 32*a^3*b^7 + 57*a^4*b^6 - 48*a^5*b^5 - 52*a^6*b^4 + 32*a^7*b^
3 + 24*a^8*b^2))/(a^10*b + a^11 - a^4*b^7 - a^5*b^6 + 3*a^6*b^5 + 3*a^7*b^4 - 3*a^8*b^3 - 3*a^9*b^2) - (b*((8*
(12*a^14*b - 4*a^15 + 4*a^6*b^9 - 2*a^7*b^8 - 18*a^8*b^7 + 4*a^9*b^6 + 36*a^10*b^5 - 6*a^11*b^4 - 34*a^12*b^3
+ 8*a^13*b^2))/(a^12*b + a^13 - a^6*b^7 - a^7*b^6 + 3*a^8*b^5 + 3*a^9*b^4 - 3*a^10*b^3 - 3*a^11*b^2) + (4*b*ta
n(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*((a + b)^5*(a - b)^5)^(1/2)*(6...

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